Essay on India on the Move - 833 Words

Why did India experience relatively slow economic growth from independence until 1991? India became an independent country in 1947 and from that moment until the first years of the 1990’s, the government adopted the Import Substitution Industrialization model (ISI) in order to protect the economy against foreign competition. The model was based on regulations in the private and public sector, trade and foreign direct investment that made the economy very closed compared to other economies in the world. The system was not sustainable in the long term because it encouraged inefficiency in the industry performance. For instance, the average GNP per capita at that period of time was as low as $2301. Moreover, India’s growth performance plan†¦show more content†¦Nevertheless, there are still challenges that must be overcome beyond macroeconomic indicators, for example a reduction of bureaucracy, lower entry barriers, good leadership to eradicate corruption, investment in infrastructure, and most important, the investment on the people through health p rograms and education especially in the highest illiterate states. How big a deal are Hindu-Muslim frictions? Demographic fragmentation? Deficits The Hindu-Muslim conflict is affecting in many ways to India. First, the friction promotes a bad climate of business to foreign investors. For instance, Thomas Friedman in his book â€Å"The World is Flat† describes how a state of emergency in 2002 worried American companies due to rumors of a nuclear exchange attack against Pakistan. The book also quote N.Krishnakumar, President of MindTree a leading Indian knowledge firm who stated: â€Å"What we explained to our government, through the Confederation of Indian Industry, is that providing a stable, predictable operating environment is now the key to India’s development†. Secondly, the conflict affects the country through a high fiscal deficit. Only in 2002, the military spending rose around 10% of the government expenditures (Vietor and Thomson, 2008). The mayor concern is thatShow MoreRelatedMy Move to India Essay1020 Words   |  5 Pages Moving to India What, I stuttered. Yes Neeraj we are going to live in India, declared my Mom. But, I said. No buts, commanded my Mom. Go back upstairs and pack your suitcase with necessary things, be thankful that we are getting your Wii, said my Mom. My whole world turned instantly upside down. Me living in India was the worst thing that would ever happen to me. Hot and humid nights with constant nuisance of mosquitoes, uhhhhh! 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There are many Indians who hold many important occupations such as; students, teachers, writers, musicians, scientists, doctors, professors, welders, and so on. Everything was fine in India until the end of 19th century, when British arrived. Many peopleRead MoreCashless Indi A New Beginning Essay1429 Words   |  6 PagesCASHLESS INDIA: A NEW BEGINNING Introduction: The Indian Economy post Economic Reforms of 1991 has witnessed drastic growth and development coupled with higher international integration at the global platform. Among various other emerging markets, India promises higher investment returns, which can be further attributed to many factors. The economy of India is seventh-largest in the world in terms of nominal GDP and third-largest in terms of purchasing power parity(PPP)Read MoreWhat Were the Problems Facing a Newly Independent India After the Partition of 1947? How Were They Handled? 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Since the 21st century when globalization swept the world, India has gotten the chance to move. India is rising. The paper will use PEST political environment, economic environmentRead MoreIndian Bpos- Waking Up the Philippines Opportunity Case Analysis776 Words   |  4 PagesI. Problems A. Macro- The major macro problems are surrounding the loss of the tax abatement in India as well as the weakening US dollar. Both of these issues make it incredibly expensive to do business in India compared to other locations like the Philippines. B. Micro- In India the transportation and infrastructure costs continue to hurt the bottom line. II. Causes- Tax abatement ended in 2009, transportation and infrastructure costs are not going away and other countries have more attractiveRead MoreReview Of The Jati 918 Words   |  4 Pagesyears ago in Asia, a book was written that gave social structure that would go on through the ages in India. Today that social structure is called the Jati or in English words, the Caste system. While it has undergone a few changes here and there, the system has relatively been unchanged and just like thousands of years ago when it was first introduced in the Vedas, it exists in modern day India as a part of society in it. This paper will go over a more detailed explanation of the Jati as well asRead MoreThe Pact Between Tata Motors and Fiat1551 Words   |  7 Pagesmarketing is an important factor in serving organizations to develop into becoming globally competitive. Companies who operate within domestic markets purely are having difficulties competing with a global organization. Theref ore, what does it take to move an organization globally? 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Essay on Comparative Analysis of A Few Good Men - 1371 Words

The motion picture A Few Good Men challenges the question of why Marines obey their superiors’ orders without hesitation. The film illustrates a story about two Marines, Lance Corporal Harold W. Dawson and Private First Class Louden Downey charged for the murder of Private First Class William T. Santiago. Lieutenant Daniel Kaffee, who is known to be lackadaisical and originally considers offering a plea bargain in order to curtail Dawson’s and Downey’s sentence, finds himself fighting for the freedom of the Marines; their argument: they simply followed the orders given for a â€Å"Code Red†. The question of why people follow any order given has attracted much speculation from the world of psychology. Stanley Milgram, a Yale psychologist,†¦show more content†¦This leads Kaffee to defend his clients on the basis on which they simply followed orders from a higher ranking officer, Colonel Jessup (Reiner). According to Milgram’s experiments, ev en normal, harmless people are able to inflict pain on another individual. The military is based on a chain of command, the Colonel at the top, Privates at the bottom, and everyone else in between. Milgram argues that, when in problematic circumstances, people are proud of doing a good job for their authority (Milgram 221). In other words, they want to obey the orders given in order to please the person holding authority. Could this explain why Dawson and Downey executed the â€Å"Code Red†? This is precisely similar to the argument Kelman and Hamilton present in their article â€Å"The My Lai Massacre: A Military Crime of Obedience†. According to these authors, â€Å"American military law assumes that the subordinate is inclined to follow orders†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Kelman, Hamilton 270). The soldiers in My Lai, although possibly interpreting the orders differently than intended, ultimately did what their commanding officer ordered. The Marines in the film may have also b een under the impression that they would not be responsible for any harm which Santiago may endure. Again, Milgram could attest to this argument. He states, â€Å"The essence of obedience is that a person comes to view himself as the instrument for carrying out another person’s wishes, and he therefore no longer regardsShow MoreRelatedComparative Analysis a Few Good Men Essay1591 Words   |  7 PagesComparative Analysis: A Few Good Men â€Å"You dont need a patch on your arm to have honor.† Lt. Daniel Kaffee, portrayed by Tom Cruise, says at the end of the movie to Lance Cpl. Dawson after the final ruling is read, stating PFC. Downy and Lance Cpl. Dawson are innocent but are dishonorably discharged from the military. A Few Good Men portrays the negative impact on military personally from strict obedience. Lt. Daniel Kaffee, along with Lt. Cdr. JoAnne Galloway and Lt. Sam Weinberg; played byRead MoreSteinhouse Knitting Mills1083 Words   |  5 Pages1988 , sales had been declining steadily. Evidence: 1988 sales-$ 7.5million; 1993-$3.5 million; 1998-$2.7million. Situation Analysis A Environment 1.Low-wage developing countries with an abundant supply of labour provide tough competition to Canada. 2Growing popularity of the ‘ big and tall size’. 3 Trend to ‘dressing down’ or ‘ casual days’ 4 The weather over last few years has hurt business.( Winters were warm) 5 Fashion business usually changes fast. 6 The low value of Canadian dollar relativeRead MoreMarketing Analysis : The Cotton On The Largest Clothing Group Of Australia And New Zealand Essay1418 Words   |  6 PagesCotton On’s product offering includes women’s wear, menswear and accessories as well as elevated apparel range CO by itself. (cottononfoundation, 2015) Part A Product Portfolio Analysis: Product portfolio is a study of a particular product by which a company see its market performance. This management involves an analysis of consumer behaviour to determine how to expand with new products and how you can improve profitability by removing products with low performance or losing money. To manage theRead MoreComparable Worth714 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction: The debate in this study is that of whether or not to use comparable worth as the basis for future pay adjustments. Comparable worth, as defined by Merriam-Webster, is the concept that women and men should receive equal pay for jobs calling for comparable skill and responsibility or that is of comparable worth to the employer. 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Erik Erikson Free Essays

The aim of this essay is to select a major theorist and discuss their contribution to the cognitive and social development in childhood. Erik Erikson was one of the most distinguished theorists of the 20th century. He discovered and developed psychosocial theory. We will write a custom essay sample on Erik Erikson or any similar topic only for you Order Now He was also one of the first theorists to cover the entire lifespan of an individual. Erikson’s proposed eight psychosocial stages which he named â€Å"The Eight Ages of Man†, which range from birth to 65 years and onwards (O’Brien, 2008). Throughout this essay I will discuss stages one to four which occur during childhood 0-12 years old. Erik Erikson was born on June 15th 1902, in Frankfurt Germany. When Erikson finished school he left home and moved to Florence to pursue his interest in art and enrolled in Baden State Art School. A year later, he moved to Vienna where he became an art teacher in a psychoanalytic school for children run by Dorothy Burlingham and Anna Freud who was the daughter of Sigmund Freud. While in Vienna, he also took classes in the University of Vienna which led him to receive a certificate in the Montessori Method (Puckett and Diffily, 2004). This move changed his life and career. When Erikson met Anna Freud he became interested in psychology which led him to study psychoanalysis. He was influenced by the work of Freud and this turned his career towards the study of children and their development (Salkind, 2004). Erikson extended Freud’s theory by combining his primary assumptions and expanding on them, considering other factors that could influence development. Erikson’s theory highlights that an individual’s personality develops in stages from social and cultural experiences across the lifespan. Freud’s theory of personality development concentrates on sexual and aggressive impulses through different psychosexual stages (Keenan and Evans, 2009). Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development helps us understand children’s feelings and how their emotional and social lives affect their learning (Pound, 2011). Erikson’s theory describes that an individual’s personality develops at each of the eight psychosocial stages of life. Erikson suggested that at each stage there is a different sort of conflict or crises that arises between the individual and relationships with others. He believed that each crisis must be resolved successfully for the individual to be prepared for the next life crisis. A negative or positive outcome of how the crisis is resolved leads to the change and development of the individual (Shaffer, 2009). Erikson’s first psychosocial stage of life is called Trust versus Mistrust. This stage takes place from birth to one year. The basic idea of the first stage is for the infant to develop trust. This occurs when the child’s needs for warmth, food, sleep and nurturing are consistently met. The infant is completely dependent on the caregiver and relies on them to meet their needs. By providing the child with consistent care, the caregiver helps them to develop self-trust and the ability to trust others and their environment (Essa, 2010). In a case were the child’s needs are not adequately met, a sense of mistrust in themselves and others around them is developed. They then move through future stages with this sense of mistrust, seeing the world as threating place filled with unreliable or untrustworthy people. When working with children Erikson’s theory is still used in practice nowadays. Teachers working with infants take particular care to provide a predictable environment and consistent caregiving. Babies are completely dependent on adults to meet their needs. Therefore, it is very important that they are nurtured by admirable, positive adults who are affectionate and sensitive in response to the babies needs as soon as they occur. The infant can then start to develop a sense of trust in the world that will support their growth into the next stage (Gordon and Browne, 2010). The second stage of life is known as Autonomy versus Doubt. This occurs from two to three years of age. According to Erikson during the second year of life toddlers begin to assert both their motor and cognitive abilities by trying to become more independent. Although they are still very dependent, they must learn to reach a balance between reliance on their caregiver and their desire to explore new things. One possible conflict revolves around toilet training. Successful growth through this stage gives the child a feeling of self-control and accomplishment of their own abilities (Essa, 2011). Erikson portrays a view that if children are made feel ashamed of their efforts they can develop a sense of self-doubt and insecurity. Children need to be able to express their growing independence within the safety of a loving, supportive environment. The search for autonomy not only requires great efforts from the child but also patience and support from their parents (Pressley and McCormick, 2007). For example, by encouraging children to explore and try new tasks parents hope to further their sense of independence. When children complete a task independently and successfully their sense of autonomy grows. Some children fail to develop a sense of autonomy. This may be because they failed at most tasks they attempted or discouragement from parents and developed a sense of shame and self-doubt instead (Newman and Newman, 2006). In early childhood education programmes children are praised for their achievements such as toilet training. A relaxed attitude from teachers and praise for their students helps the child gain a sense of independence without shame. Providing encouragement for both the child’s success and failure of a task gives balance between the child’s natural doubts and their drive for independence. The third stage of Erikson’s theory is Initiative versus guilt. This stage takes place from three to six years. During this stage children observe their parents and want to attempt many tasks that they watch them perform. Their sense of autonomy which developed from the last stage gives them the independence to attempt activities that are beyond their competency. If the parents give the child support and guidance in their new activities, this will result in feelings of achievement and pride in their own initiative. If the child is made feel that they are wrong for trying out new activities and are punished when the child tries to show initiative, they will be left with feelings of guilt (Berns, 2009). At this stage children have a great imagination and are very curious about their surroundings. In schools, children are encouraged to play with a variety of different toys to promote creative play and are exposed to different experiences such as school trips to learn more about the world. They are encouraged to ask the teacher questions, use their imagination and are given freedom to play and choose their activities. This promotes their feeling of initiative (Pillitteri, 2010). Erikson believed that the crucial point in this stage is the activity of children playing together. Playing allows the child to explore their communication abilities through such behaviour as deciding what to play. By using their initiative, children learn that they can make decisions, present a course of action and implement plans. As a result of this, children learn the basic skills of problems solving while working with other. These basic skills are an essential foundation for coping effectively in society (Carducci, 2009). The final stage of Erikson’s theory involved in childhood is called Industry versus Inferiority. During this stage the child has developed from their curiosity to try different things to their need to master certain activities (Ray, 2011). Such activities may include learning to read, write or playing a sport. As they start to master certain activities, children develop a sense of industry and begin to use their skills in a more personal way. For example, reading a book of their interest. While learning these skills in the company of their peers, some children may discover that their standard of skill is lower than others in their peer group. This awareness can cause the child to develop a sense of inferiority, and can lead them to lose interest in certain activities (Carducci, 2009). This feeling of failure and inferiority can result in the child giving up on certain activities because they believe they do not have the skill or ability required. Children continuously receive praise and attention for their efforts during school and social activities to encourage a sense of Industry (O’ Brien, 2011). Erikson’s theory contains 4 stages which are involved in the area of childhood. These four stages include trust vs. mistrust, autonomy vs. doubt, initiative vs. guilt and industry vs. inferiority. These range from birth to age twelve. Erikson has helped to contribute to our understanding of child development through these eight psychosocial stages. He describes the important issues for young children and the support we need to provide to help them gain a healthy development. Erikson’s stages have provided a framework for teachers working with young children. By using Erikson’s theory this helps the teacher promote healthy development in there students and is still used now in the modern classroom. Reference List Berns, R. (2009). Child, Family, School and Community: Socialization and support. th ed. , Belmont: Wadsworth Carducci, D. (2011). The Psychology of Personality. 2nd ed. , Malden: Brooks/Cole Publishing Essa, E. (2011). Introduction to early childhood education. 6th ed. , Belmont: Wadsworth Gordon, A. and Browne, K. (2010). Beginnings and Beyond: Foundations in Early Childhood Education. 8th ed. , Belmont: Wadsworth. Keenan, T. and Evans, S. (2009). An introduction to Child Development. 2nd e d. , London: Sage Publications New, R. and Cochran, M. , eds. (2008). Early Childhood Education: An international encyclopaedia. Vol. , Westport: Praeger Newman, B and Newman, P (2006). Development Through Life: A Psychosocial Approach. 8th ed. , Belmont: Wadsworth. O’ Brien, E (2008). Human growth and development: An Irish Perspective. Dublin: Gill Macmillian O’Brien, E. (2011). Psychology for Social Care: An Irish Perspective. Dublin: Gill Macmillian Pillitteri, A. (2010). Maternal and Child Health Nursing. 6th ed. , Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams Wilkins Pound, L. (2011). Influencing Early Childhood Education: Key terms, Philosophies and Theories. New York: McGraw-Hill Pressley, M. and McCormick, C. (2007). Child and Adolescent Development for Educators. New York: Guilford Press Puckett, M. and Diffily, D. (2008). Teaching young children: An introduction to early childhood. 2nd ed. , New York: Wadsworth Ray, D. (2011). Advanced play therapy: Essential conditions, knowledge and skills for child practice. New York: Routledge Shaffer, D. (2009). Social and Personality Development. 6th ed. , Belmont: Wadsworth Salkind, N. (2004). An introduction to theories of Human Development. London: Sage Publications How to cite Erik Erikson, Papers Erik Erikson Free Essays The most interesting topic that we discussed in class the semester, was the theory that Erik Erikson had developed. Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development is one of the best-kenned theories of personality in psychology. Much akin to Sigmund Freud, Erikson believed that personality develops in a series of stages. We will write a custom essay sample on Erik Erikson or any similar topic only for you Order Now Unlike Freud’s theory of psychosexual stages, Erikson’s theory describes the impact of convivial experience across the whole lifespan. One of the main elements of Erikson’s psychosocial stage theory is the development of ego identity. Ego identity is the conscious sense of self that we develop through interaction. According to Erikson, our ego identity is fluctuating due to incipient experiences and information we acquire in our circadian interactions with others. I learned that when psychologists talk about identity, they are talking about the notions, ideals, and values that avail make up a person’s comportment. Identity commences when were very puerile and it becomes very paramount and critical in the adolescent teen ages. Shaping our identity never really ends it’ll change for the good and maybe even for the bad for the rest of our lives. Our personal identity gives each of us something unique that dissevers one’s self from every other person in this world. Erikson additionally believed that a sense of competence motivates someone’s actions. Each stage in Erikson’s theory is concerned with becoming competent in an area of life. If the stage is handled well, the person will feel as if the have achieved something great, which is sometimes referred to as ego strength or ego quality. If the stage is managed poorly, the person will emerge with a sense of inadequacy. In each stage, Erikson believed people experience a conflict that accommodates as a turning point in development. In Erikson’s view, these conflicts are centered on either developing a psychological quality or failing to develop that quality. During these times, the potential for personal magnification is high, but so is the potential for failure. I believe that, that’s something that a lot people are faced with. It’s like having a dream and going after it, say for hockey. For me I dream big with it, I want to make it in the professionals. Therefore I’m taking a risk, I can either achieve what I’m aiming for or I can fail. I also feel that for my identity I need to be more than just a good hockey player. I need to be a good person all around. You see a hockey player, you’d never know he’s a professional athlete. But once you put the skates on him, he becomes a beast. So overall Erikson proposed a lifespan model of development, taking in five stages up to the age of 18 years and three further stages beyond, well into adulthood. Erikson suggests that there is still plenty of room for perpetuated magnification and development throughout one’s life. Erikson put a great deal of accentuation on the adolescent period, feeling it was a crucial stage for developing a person’s identity. Like Freud and many others, Erik Erikson maintained that personality develops in a predetermined order, and build upon each precedent stage. This is called this epigamic principle. The outcome of this ‘maturation timetable’ is a wide and integrated set of life skills and abilities that function together within the autonomous individual. However, Instead of fixating on sexual development, he was intrigued with how children socialize and how this affects their sense of self. How to cite Erik Erikson, Papers

Charles Dickens Essay Example For Students

Charles Dickens Essay Over the pages going through page 54- 55, it shows that Charles Dickens had a detailed style as he writes about Scrooge. He is shown a writer of social realist, this means Dickens likes and observes a comparison and enjoys using a mix of details. He describes the old from the new and his style changes from time to time. On page 57, there is a point where Scrooge had finished the party, and he has shown as a different man. During the whole of this time, Scrooge had acted like a man out of his wits. This shows Scrooge changes his character very often but he dint reflect upon what had happened. He corroborated everything, remembered everything, and enjoyed everything. This describes Scrooge backs everything up. Corroborated means backed it up. As the story expands to 61 pages, Scrooge had already shown his huge changes with his characters. On page 61, there is a feeling of seriousness and dullness, the first spirit is having an argument with Scrooge. Scrooge is having a feeling of a bit dreamy with a mix of scared. Show me no more! Conduct me home. Why do you delight to torture me? Scrooge is angry and annoyed. He wants to leave badly. The first spirit showed Scrooge the flash back of his childhood. It had showed Scrooge the happiness and joy. There is a comparison during these two pages and paragraphs. No more, I dont wish to see it, show me no more! Now, Scrooge is getting more anxious, he is trying to leave. He gets really scared as he watches more of his childhood. As Scrooge tries to leave, the ghost forces him and his mind to continue watching what is going on in his childhood. On page 65, Scrooge is shown as very scared and very frightened. He keeps on asking and begging the ghost to let him go as he cant stand of what is going on anymore. Spirit, said Scrooge in a broken voice, remove me from this place; I cannot bear with it anymore! This quote shows Scrooge is completely lost his emotions and begs and pleases for the spirit to let him out of this place. He said it in a broken voice which shows he is begging for his life and crying for the exit. It shows Scrooge is begging for everything as he wants the exit badly. On page 70, there is an encounter that Scrooge with the Ghost of the Christmas present. Scrooges attitude had changed again but Dickens has showed that he doesnt like meeting with the spirits. Scrooge entered timidly, and hung his head before this spirit. He was not the dogged Scrooge he had been Scrooge is shown as very scared and still hesitantly. And though its eyes were clear and kind, he did not like to meet them. The ghost is described as a very impressive. It was clothes in one simple deep green robe, or mantle, bordered with white fur. The appearance of this ghost is rather strange; it appears with robe and white furs. Scrooges thoughts has changes towards the ghosts when he said, You have never seen the like me before. Over the last few pages, Charles Dickens shows that Scrooge wants to finish with this ghost and done with. This shows even more obvious when Scrooge said Spirit, conduct me where you will. This quote shows Scrooge had given up and saving him, and just told the ghost to do what ever he feels like to do with him. After Scrooge had interfered with this ghost, he had become more scared and horrified. The story of Christmas Carol stretches to 88 pages now, and we can state that the writer Charles Dickens enjoys using the language of drama and old English. He likes using dramatic encounters with ghosts. Adventures Of Huck Finn And Superstitions EssayHe gets more and more horrified as it continues to page 124. On this page, there is a very hideous and detailed description of the grave yard. Scrooge was very curious to know the moment of him in a complete terror. He completely lost his conscience and his body almost gone numb when he saw a grave with him name carved to it in the middle of the grave yard. He completely lost the feelings when he saw the grave, he didnt know what was going on. He was thinking, is this a dream, or a message or a warning, or something which will change someones life. The story begins to slow down as it approaches to the last ten pages, Stave 5. The beginning of stave 5 describes Scrooge was extremely happy that he remain alive, and the fact that he is back. He was thrilled as he found himself not dead and still alive. People including Scrooge were very happy on the streets because it was still Christmas. Although Scrooge had been going to with a few ghosts, and had made him scared and sorrow, but he was very happy now because as he can see other people are celebrating Christmas on the streets. As he sits down and watches people dancing and singing carol songs on the streets, he feels very happy but inside of him, he still feels very thrilled and scared. After Scrooge had came back to earth, Charles Dickens had used a word Chuckle a lot, its use was to create the hype of Scrooges attitude and character. As he begins to leave his house and walk, he sings with people and dance with people. He walks through the streets and made jokes with people. Scrooge is fooling bob, being angry but is actually faking. His character had change again to become a jokey man as before he was a straight hard man when the story got started. Throughout the book, we can clearly see that Scrooge had changed his attitude and character quite a few times in each of part of the book, especially when he meets each different ghost. During the beginning of the story, he was shown as a dull person, firstly he dulls himself, not making any friends and chatting to anyone. He was alone by himself, isolating himself from other people. He had gone through the all four process of life time. Happiness, angry, sorrow, joy, these are the four main process that Scrooge had entered and experienced through the whole story. After he faced the first ghost, he then reminded of his childhood, this is when he encounters with the Spirit of the Christmas. He had totally changed in his attitude and character as he became a child again. He was described to be very cheerful and happy. As he sees more of his childhood, he got really sad and scared. This might happens because as he watches more, he thinks of himself in the life time that he is having now and he is feeling sad and not happy as the flash back continues. He is feeling ashamed of himself of what he is living with now. He was embarrass to face himself now and the past time.